Dimensionless index or VTI ratio mnemonic for prosthetic aortic and mitr...

Duty factor mnemonic

ACC/AHA Stages of mitral stenosis echocardiographic criteria mnemonic

Wilkins score grade and mobility mnemonic for rheumatic mitral stenosis

Wilkins score subvalvular thickening mnemonic for mitral stenosis

Wilkins score mnemonic for leaflet thickening (Rheumatic mitral stenosis)

Wilkins score mnemonic for leaflet calcification

Quantification of severe mitral regurgitation (MR) mnemonic

Quantification of severe chronic mitral regurgitation mnemonic. 

Courtesy Dr. Mikel Smith

-IkaN (Nakeya Dewaswala Bhopalwala) 

Mitral stenosis gradient and heart rate

Why is the pressure gradient in mitral stenosis heart rate dependent? Why is the pressure gradient in aortic stenosis heart rate dependent?

S' Tissue Doppler Imaging - Derived Tricuspid Lateral Annular Systolic Velocity mnemonic

S’ Wave: Tissue doppler imaging-Derived Tricuspid Lateral Annular Systolic Velocity

S’ value less than 9.5 cm/sec indicating RV dysfunction. Mnemonic... If you stare at the number long enough you'll see 9.5 in it lol. 

The first peak above baseline that is timed with the QRS represents isovolumetric contraction and not the tricuspid annular velocity.

-IkaN (Nakeya Dewaswala Bhopalwala) 

Relative wall thickness 0.42 mnemonic

The RWT reports the relationship between the wall thickness and cavity size. It is an index of LV concentricity. 

The golden number to remember for RWT is 0.42 as it allows further classification of LV mass increase as either concentric hypertrophy (RWT >0.42) or eccentric hypertrophy (RWT ≤0.42). 

Since there are so many numbers to remember in echocardiography, I made a mnemonic for RWT. 

Relative = 0 (Relative zero)

Wall = 4 (4 letters in the word wall)

Thickness = 2 (2 strokes in the letter T) 

Hope this helps! 

-IkaN (Nakeya Dewaswala Bhopalwala) 

Relative wall thickness on echocardiography

Relative wall thickness (RWT) is calculated as two times posterior wall thickness (PWT) divided by the left ventricular internal diastolic diameter (LVIDd). 

RWT allows further classification of LV mass increase as either concentric hypertrophy (RWT >0.42) or eccentric hypertrophy (RWT ≤0.42).

-IkaN (Nakeya Dewaswala Bhopalwala) 

Infective endocarditis vegetations - which side do they develop?

Infective endocarditis vegetations tend to develop on the upstream side of the valve (flow side) which is typically tend to be the lower pressure side. These are the ventricular side of the aortic valve and the atrial side of the mitral or tricuspid valve. 

Image shows parasternal long axis view on echocardiography showing vegetations on the mitral and aortic valve (green vegetations because vegetables are green lol!)

-IkaN 

LV aneurysm: Difference between true LV aneurysm and LV pseudoaneurysm

LV aneurysms are most commonly caused by myocardial infarction. What's the difference between true aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm?

RV pressure and volume overload notes