Sunday, December 18, 2016

An AIDS patient with abnormal CT scan

Hey! Here's a case kinda thingy that I made up.

An HIV positive male presents with loss of recent memory and left sided paralysis. A CT scan is done. What are the differentials based on the CT findings given below?

1. Multiple ring enhancing lesions
2. Single, periventricular ring enhancing lesion
3. Cerebral atrophy with secondary ventricular involvement
4. Multiple non enhancing white matter lesions

Answers given below
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1. Multiple ring enhancing lesions - Toxoplasmosis. TMP SMX for prevention!

2. Single, periventricular ring enhancing lesion - CNS lymphoma. Usually, positive for EBV.

3. Cerebral atrophy with secondary ventricular involvement - AIDS dementia complex. Though paralysis would not be a feature. Only defects in short term memory and executive function is seen.

4. Multiple non enhancing white matter lesions - Demyelination of subcortical white matter suggestive of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is caused by JC virus.

That's all!
-IkaN

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