Wednesday, February 8, 2017

Alcohol and Drug Interactions: 2nd part


Hey guys,

This is a continuation of the previous post on Disulfiram-like Reaction.

Let us start with a basic info. Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with alcohol are only seen in heavy drinkers whereas Pharmacodynamic drug interactions can be seen in moderate drinkers and even after a single episode of drinking. 

With Antibiotics


As already mentioned, the Disulfiram-like reaction can occur with Isoniazid, Cefotetan, Cefamandole, Cefoperazone, Chloramphenicol, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfisoxazole.

Besides patients on Isoniazid should abstain from drinking alcohol since isoniazid is hepatotoxic and the liver damage can be exacerbated by concurrent alcohol consumption

With Antidepressants


1. With TCAs: Alcohol increases the sedative action of TCAs, especially Amitriptyline, Doxepin etc.
Alcohol also impairs the first-pass metabolism of Amitriptyline in the liver causing increased bioavailability of the drug. Excessive increase in levels of TCAs in the blood can precipitate convulsions and cardiac arrhythmias.

2. Among SSRIs, all are relatively safer with alcohol; the safest being Fluoxetine.

3. With MAOIs(eg., Phenelzine, Tranylcypromine): There can be severe high BP(cheese reaction) if taken together with red wine which contains Tyramine.

That's all! :)
Do go through the subsequent posts in this series, 3rd Part and 4th Part.

-VM

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