A high RBC count combined with a low mean volume is seen in:
1. Thalassemia minor, either alpha or beta
2. Polycythemia vera with iron deficiency
3. Secondary polycythemia (hypoxia) with incidental iron deficiency.
Differentiating thalassemia minor from polycythemia vera:
The RBC size distribution curves reliably distinguish between thalassemia minor and polycythemia with iron deficiency.
RDW is elevated in iron deficiency. It is normal in thalassemia minor.
That's all!
-IkaN
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