Why is adrenaline / epinephrine not given intravenously in anaphylactic shock? Why intramuscular injection?
It leads to vasocontriction (Especially, in the cerebral vasculature) when it passes by the IV route. That is why, IV adrenaline is resorted only when other interventions fail.
How does it cause vasoconstriction?
Through, its alpha1-agonist vasopressor action on the cerebral microvasculature.
Interesting fact: It can cause cerebral ischemia when used during CPR.
Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19242339
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