What is the hallmark of sickle cell retinopathy?
Sea fan neovascularization.
All patients with SCD should have dilated funduscopic examinations every 1 to 2 years beginning at age 10, preferably by a retina specialist.
Treatment is usually Laser photocoagulation.
Anti-VEGF medications such as bevacizumab or ranibizumab may lead to partial regression of sea-fan neovascularization.
Sickle cell anemic retinopathy is seen mostly in heterozygous S-C trait and S-Thal trait.
Fun fact: Sea fans are beautiful soft corals.
-IkaN
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