Tuesday, June 21, 2016

LDL Cholesterol- The 'bad' turns good

Hello!

Since long back, the low-density lipoproteins have been linked to high rates of cardiovascular disease and mortality! But is it really so?



No! In fact, there's a lack of association or an inverse association between LDL cholesterol and mortality in the elderly.

☆In contrary, low cholesterol level in elderly people is a risk factor of mortality. And high cholesterol means longevity of life! Isn't it Amazing?
Here's the how of that-

○ LDL binds to and inactivates a broad range of microorganisms and their toxic products. For ex-
The endotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus- Alpha toxin binds rapidly to purified LDL present in serum and gets inactivated (estimated by hemolytic titration)
So, low cholesterol means increased risk of infections!

○ Triglycerides also play an important role in clearing the toxins from the blood, as in cases of severe sepsis! (So high TGs means it's a normal response to infection)

Familial hypercholesterolemia  - Death is due to formation of atherosclerotic plaques in arteries and increased risk of cardiovascular disease! But IT'S NOT DUE TO HIGH CHOLESTEROL LEVELS!
       》Variations in Prothrombin gene is associated with increased risk of heart disease! (Increased coagulation) 
       》Heart patients with Familial hypercholesterolemia more often have high concentrations of Fibrinogen and Factor VIII in their blood (increased coagulation and clot formation)
'People' with Familial hypercholesterolemia live longer than those with low cholesterol levels. (shown by various cohort studies)

Smith- Lemli- Opitz Syndrome : Children born with very low Cholesterol levels due to enzyme deficiency. Most cases are still born or with malformed brain and imbecile/autistic. 
High cholesterol improves the condition. :)

○ Low cholesterol predisposes to HIV and AIDS! (Risk is doubled in those with h/o STDs or liver disease)

○ High LDL-C may also protect against cancer! An inverse association has been shown between cancer and Total Cholesterol. 

○ LDL-C is lower than normal in patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction!

"The statins therapy is still beneficial to some extent for preventing heart attacks and stroke. Please note that the study is under research and is in controversy."

That's all!

-Jaskunwar Singh

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