If croup crops up in the exam, here are some high yield points you should know:
Croup CROPS!
Corticosteroids
Racemic epinephrine
Oxygen
Parainfluenza virus
Seal barking cough
Stridor
Subglottic stenosis
Steeple sign
#TLDR
Parainfluenza virus type 1 is the most common cause of croup.
The onset of symptoms in laryngotracheitis is gradual, beginning with nasal irritation, congestion, and coryza. Fever, hoarseness, barking cough, and stridor usually develop during the next 12 to 48 hours.
In children with croup, a posterior-anterior chest radiograph demonstrates subglottic narrowing, commonly called the "steeple sign"
Children with croup are treated with dexamethasone, nebulized epinephrine and humidified oxygen depending on severity.
Remember, intubation is rarely required in croup, so think of other etiologies if the patient needs intubation.
That's all!
-IkaN
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