Bartters, Gitelmans and Liddles syndrome mnemonic

Hello!

Bartters, Gitelmans and Liddles syndrome present with chloride resistant (high urinary chloride) hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis.

What differentiates them:
Bartters: Hypercalciuric (Furosemide like! Loops lose calcium, remember?)
Gitelman: Hypocalciuric (Thiazides don't!) and Hypomagnesemia. Presents with cramping and spasms.
Liddles: Presents with hypertension, metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia (Aldosterone excess like, but it is truly pseudohyperaldosteronism!)

It is characterized by: Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, hypertension, hypokalemia and enhanced erythrocyte sodium influx

Here's a mnemonic for it!

"FaceBook GoT ALL pseudo HYPER about a Little syndrome"

FB - Bartter's is like Furosemide
GoT - Gitelman Thiazide
All pseudo hyper little - Liddles is like pseudo HyperALdosteronemia (Remember, it is pseudo - aldosterone levels are normal/low)

These syndromes are rare, so it’s important to rule out more common causes (Like diuretics)

That's all!

Here's an aphorism by Sir William Osler: “Care more for the individual patient than for the special features of his disease.” :)

-IkaN