Jay

Hello guys, I'm Jay, the newest author here ( edit : back in 2015...lol, by 2019, I'm the 4th oldest author here.) in the Medicowesome, and I'm really really...like REALLY....excited to be here! :D

The flow of CSF Mnemonic

Hello guys, It's Jay once again. Today I'm going to tell you a mnemonic on how to memorize the CSF flow. Interesting eh? 

OK Let's get to work!

First of all let us know the CSF flow as it flows!

Lateral Ventricle → foramen Monroe→Third ventricle → Sylvius Aqueduct→ fourth ventricle→ foramen Magendie → foramen Lushka→Subarachnoid space→Arachnoid Villi→Superior Sagittal Sinus

The mnemonic is

Lady Monroe's Three Siblings Fought, for Magical Lights Seeing Arrogant Seniors

Hope it would help you guys! Thanks! See you later !

Auscultating breath sounds mnemonic

While Auscultating the Chest of patient and analysing Type of breathing, whether it's Bronchial or Vesicular.

Remember GRIP

1. Bronchial breathing:
Gap is present between Inspiration & expiration.
Respiration shows Inspiration & expiration equal length
Intensity is loud.
Pitch is high.

2. Vesicular Breathing:
Gap is absent.
Respiration shows Expiration is short.
Intensity is low.
Pitch is low.

This post was written by Adnan Arif. Thanks Adnan! (:

-IkaN
Related post: Abnormal breath sounds mnemonic

Submissions: Ankylosing Spondylitis (Radiological signs notes)

These cool notes were written by Shireesha Mallik. Check em out!

Ankylosing Spondylitis (Radiological signs notes)

Antithyroid drugs mnemonic

1. Durgs that inhibit hormone synthesis (Antithyroid drugs):
Propylthiouracil, methimazole, carbimazole.

Mnemonic: Professor Met Carby

2. Drugs that inhibit thyroid trapping (Ionic inhibitors):
Nitrates (NO3), thiocyanates (SCN), perchlorate (ClO4) .

Mnemonic:  NTP

3. Inhibit hormone release:
Iodine, iodides of Na & K, organic iodides.

Mnemonic: I prevents release (Iodine, it's salts and organic form.)

4. Destroy thyroid tissue: Radioactive Iodine (I 131, I 123, I 125)

Mnemonic: Iodine normal is 128 (+3 &-3 are radioactive so is I 123)

That's all!

The mnemonics were submitted by Sareer. Thank you, Sareer, you're awesome.

-IkaN

Biochemical tests for Streptococcus pneumoniae mnemonic

Hey!

I had made a mnemonic to remember the biochemical tests given by Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Submissions: Murmur characteristics mnemonic

When you are listening to a murmur, look for "SECRET Pi"

Site
Effect of posture
Character (Tapping, heaving, thrill)
Radiation ( Axilla, neck, shoulder)
Effect of Respiration
Timing
Pitch

This mnemonic was submitted by Adnan Arif =)

Thanks Adnan!

-IkaN

Validity and reliability mnemonic

Hey everyone!

Someone requested me to make a mnemonic on reliability and validity. Let me tell you in short what these terms mean!

What is validity and reliability?

Let's take the example of measuring blood glucose levels.
Suppose, we have developed a test to measure glucose levels and we measure it in healthy man. Normal standard we have set is, let's say, 80.

Reliability means test will give the same value each time. Let's say, we measured three times it gave reading of 120, 120, 120 that is reliable. Reliability is consistency. Also called precision.

But validity means the test will give a value which is close to our standard value, that is, 80 in this case. The three readings we get this time are 82, 85, 79. So this test is reliable, but not valid. Validity is also called accuracy. Validity is not affected by sample size.

This interplay of words messes up with one of my readers brain, so I'm sharing the mnemonic I made on it. I thought it was silly at first, to use a mnemonic to remember words, but I'm glad you all are as weird as me.

VACuum = Validity + ACcuracy

PReCiSe = Precision + Reliability + Consistency + Sample size dependent

That's all!

Life is so good. I've never been so happy and calm. I'll tell you why soon, but for now, I just wanted you guys to know (:

-IkaN

Related post: Biostatistics mnemonic

Study group discussion: Ethacrynic acid and sensorineural deafness

Can someone explain how ethacrynic  acid causes deafness?

Na+K+Cl+ transporter is also present in the ear. This transporter is the main site of action for ethacrynic acid. So when it acts the transporter Is inhibited leading to ionic imbalance. This results in hearing loss.

It is the diuretic which is most dangerous when it comes to causing sensorineural deafness.
Even then it's use indicated in one special condition. Guess which condition?

If a patient has reaction to sulpha drugs.. The DOC becomes ethacrynic acid.

Recent studies revealed that the ototoxic effect of EA is actually involved in selectively blocking the lateral spiral artery in the cochlea and suppressing the blood flow supply to the cochlear lateral wall. The epithelial ischemia and anoxia in stria vascularis resulted in a significant depression of endolymphatic potential which was equivalent to cutting off the power supply of the cochlea . During the ischemic damage to the epithelium and capillaries on the cochlear lateral wall, the vascular permeability and membranous permeability in stria vascularis were also affected so that the ototoxic drug can penetrate through the broken blood-cochlea barrier to enter the cochlea.the ototoxic drug can reach the cochlear hair cells either through the cuticular plate facing the endolymph or through the under parts of the hair cells in the cortilymph.

In short bro, hair cell damage directly by EA.

Oooh. So it first causes ischemia and then enters the hair cells. But at the end the outer hair cells are getting damaged. Nice!

I am finding first year MBBS extremely difficult and tough

"Sis.. I just joined medical college. Finding it extremely tough to study. None of the subjects seem familiar. I'm losing all my positivism and feeling helpless."

Firstly, take a moment to congratulate yourself. You've made it to medical school! New subjects is going to be so much fun!

"I feel left behind. I'm not able to answer. What is taught in lecture is very minimalistic compared to text book."

Drugs causing hemolysis in G6PD deficiency mnemonic

Mnemonic for drugs causing hemolysis in G6PD deficiency is, "PAINS"

(Cause hemolysis in g6pd deficiency PAINS ;) )

Tips on how to find vein or phlebotomy

Study: Know your anatomy, so if you can't see or feel the veins, you still know where to go.

Just the anatomy of where the veins are. Sometimes you can't see them (old people, people with dark skin) and you can't really feel them. I've done some blind insertions before successfully.

Dont panic: Initially, you will find it hard, but do not get embarrassed if you miss.

Tourniquet: Tying a torniquet often helps by making the vein more swollen and prominent.

In our hospital, the patient's relative is asked to hold with the fingers tightly around the arm instead of using torniquets.

Study group discussion: Carcinoid syndrome

What's carcinoid syndrome?

It's caused by serotonin. There's a GI tumor called carcinoid tumor which secretes it. So basically, the syndrome is caused by serotonin (Flushing, wheezing, etc)

What's the treatment for carcinoid?

Somatostatin analog, octreotide.

Which vitamin deficiency is associated with carcinoid syndrome?