Following are some important signs and buzzwords that are testable ...And high yeild for entrances.
Olympian Brow: Bony prominence of the forehead caused by persistent or recurrent periostitis
Clavicular or Higoumenakia sign:Unilateral or bilateral thickening of the sternoclavicular third of the clavicle
Saber shins :Anterior bowing of the midportion of the tibia
Scaphoid scapula :Convexity along the medial border of the scapula
Hutchinson teeth:Peg-shaped upper central incisors; they erupt during 6th yr of life with abnormal enamel, resulting in a notch along the biting surface
Mulberry molars :Abnormal 1st lower (6 yr) molars characterized by small biting surface and excessive number of cusps
Saddle nose :Depression of the nasal root, a result of syphilitic rhinitis destroying adjacent bone and cartilage
Rhagades:Linear scars that extend in a spoke-like pattern from previous mucocutaneous fissures of the mouth, anus, and genitalia
Juvenile paresis :Latent meningovascular infection; it is rare and typically occurs during adolescence with behavioral changes, focal seizures, or loss of intellectual function
Juvenile tabes : Rare spinal cord involvement and cardiovascular involvement with aortitis
Hutchinson triad :Hutchinson teeth, interstitial keratitis, and 8th nerve deafness
Clutton joint :Unilateral or bilateral painless joint swelling (usually involving knees) from synovitis with sterile synovial fluid; spontaneous remission usually occurs after several weeks
Interstitial keratitis: Manifests with intense photophobia and lacrimation, followed within weeks or months by corneal opacification and complete blindness
8th nerve deafness: May be unilateral or bilateral, appears at any age, manifests initially as vertigo and high-tone hearing loss, and progresses to permanent deafness.
Well all these are late manifestations of congenital syphilis occuring after 2 years of life.
It is important to recognise these signs clinically and also on the exams...
-Medha.
Hey Awesomites
Yes, you read it right. The symptoms of psychosomatic disorders flit from one body part to another, and just too easily and quickly ( they love to travel a lot ;p ) . Just as one symptom is discovered, it disappears and another one emerges in some other part of the body.
The psychosomatic symptoms have been linked to a chameleon. Every time a medicine tries to pin them down, they become something different.
That's all
- Jaskunwar Singh
The colours of a chameleon are not more numerous and inconstant than the varieties of the hypochondriac and hysteric disease.
- Robert Whytt
Hey guys, this post will help you to remember the definitions of the four NYHA classes.
So first just remember two phrases-
"Patient with a heart disease" and "in ordinary or accustomed activities". For convenience I will use letters A and B to refer to these phrases respectively. Now I will just fill in the gap between them.
1. NYHA Class I:
A--- will not get dyspnea ---B.
2. NYHA Class II:
A--- will get dyspnea ---B.
3. NYHA Class III:
A--- will get dyspnea in less than ---B.
4. NYHA Class IV:
A--- will get dyspnea at rest.
This system of classification has its flaws since the definition of "ordinary and accustomed activities" is entirely subjective. Like for example if a rich businessman gets breathless after walking 1 km, you may label him as NYHA Class II, but the same case in a hard working labourer will have to be labelled as NYHA Class III.
And another thing that NYHA has recently clarified NYHA Class III a bit further, it has included self-care activities in it's spectrum. As a supposition, if a 56 year old male person gets breathless while shaving or bathing then it is NYHA Class III.
-VM
