Beta HCG notes

Where is beta HCG produced? 

Syncytiotrophoblast.

Step 2 CK: Goodpastures syndrome notes

Hello!
Here's a short post on Goodpastures syndrome!

Cocaine in the brain - "The Addiction"

Hey Awesomites!

Here I will be talking about a social problem amongst the youngsters - “Addiction to cocaine”. 

Menstrual cycle and related problems

Here are some common menstural complaints that I studied today during my posting that I would like to share with you. There are many more though. Comment if you think I have missed out on something!

Contrast induced nephropathy notes

Features of contrast induced nephropathy

- Due to iodinated contrast agents (Other agents that cause AKI: Gadolinium for MRI, sodium phosphate solutions as purgatives)
- Prevented by use of non ionic contrast agents, IV hydration, acetyl cysteine.
- Serum Creatinine rises 24-48 hours after exposure. Resolves in a week.
- FeNa low, benign urinary sediment.
- Risk increases in CKD, Diabetic nephropathy, multiple myeloma.

Brachial plexus mnemonic

This was probably the most important answer you must have encountered during your 1st year.

Here are tricks to remember Brachial Plexus!

Analgesic nephropathy notes

Analgesic nephropathy

Characterized by:
Renal insufficiency
Papillary necrosis

Due to:
Toxic drug levels in inner medulla
Causes chronic tubulointerstitial damage
Results from papillary ischemia due to vasoconstriction of medullary blood vessels (vasa recta)

Caused by:
Phenacetin containing preparations
Aspirin
Caffeine

Symptoms:
Polyuria (Due to impaired concentrating ability)
NAGMA (Due to tubular damage)
Hematuria (Due to sloughed necrotic papilla)
Sterile pyuria and WBC casts may also be seen
Ureteric colic, obstruction (Due to sloughed necrotic papilla)

At increased risk of:
Premature aging
Atherosclerotic vascular disease
Urinary tract cancer

That's all!
-IkaN

Radial nerve mnemonic

I am gonna put radial nerve in the simplest form mostly including mnemonics how to learn it's huge muscles supply!

Remember when you were in 1st year and how these nerves used to test your patience?! Let's make it easy.

-Nerve root: C5-T1

-Sensory nerve supply:
Skin of dorsal surface of forearm
Lateral side of the dorsal part of palm
Lateral 3 & 1/2 digits

-Motor nerve supply:
(It supplies extensor compartment)
Here is mnemonic
S: Supinator.
I: Extensor indices.
D: Extensor Digitorum.
B: Brachioradialis.
A: Anconeus.
T: Triceps.
C: Extensor carpi radialis longus.
C: Extensor carpi radialis brevis .
A: Anconeus.
P: Extensor pollicis brevis.
P: Extensor pollicis Longus.
CU: Extensor carpi ulnaries.
ED: Extensor digiti minimi.

So mnemonic is
SID (C)CAP(P) (Read it as cap!) BAT Cu-ed.

Remember:
Cu = Extensor carpi ulnaris (Supplied by radial nerve not ulnar nerve as it is extensor muscle)

~ Ojas

Treatment of TTP mnemonic

Safia made a mnemonic of TTP and sent it to Medicowesome, hoping it would help someone. So sweet!

Treatment of TTP: CART
C: corticosteroids
A: asprin
R: rituximab
T: transfusion

In emergency situations, transfuse blood first!

Thanks Safia.

-IkaN

Cranial nerves type mnemonics

Here is one of the mnemonics which I made to remember types of cranial nerves
1)Olfactory  -Sensory
2)Optic.  -Sensory
3)Occulomotor-Motor
4)Pathetic(Trochlear)-Motor
5) Trigeminal-Mixed
6)Abducens-Motor
7)Facial-Mixed
8) Auditory-Sensory
9) Glossopharyngeal-Mixed
10)Vagus-Mixed
11)Spinal accessory-Motor
12) Hypoglossal-motor

"Some say marry money but my brother says beautiful bride matters more!"

S-Sensory ;M-Motor ;B-Both (Mixed)

~Ojas

Contraindications of thrombolytic therapy

BISHOPS

B = Bleeding disorder .
I = Intracranial Hemorrhage.
S = Stroke past 3 months .
H = Head injury past 3 months .
O =Oesophageal varices.
P = Pregnancy.
S =Surgery.

Made by: Khushboo shaikh
Written by: Ojas gite

Step 2 CK: Mortality benefit in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Another USMLE Step 2 CK important topic :D

Things that have a mortality benefit in CHF mnemonic: "ABCDES"
A: ACEI and ARBS
B: Beta blockers
CD: implantable Cardiac Defibirillator
E: Epelerenone
S: Spironolactone

Reading material from UpToDate! =)

T wave Inversion Mnemonic

In this post, I'll be sharing a mnemonic to remember the causes of T wave inversion.