Tuesday, October 12, 2021
Tuesday, October 5, 2021
Saturday, October 2, 2021
Thursday, September 30, 2021
Monday, September 27, 2021
HVPG = Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient
HVPG = WHVP - Free Hepatic venous pressures
- WHVP = Wedged hepatic venous pressure
- gradient between pressures in the portal vein and the intra-abdominal portion of IVC
- When blood flow in a hepatic vein is stopped by a wedged catheter, the proximal static column of blood transmits the pressure from the preceding communicated vascular territory (hepatic sinusoids) to the catheter. Thus, WHVP reflects hepatic sinusoidal pressure.
- In the normal liver, due to pressure equilibration through interconnected sinusoids, wedged pressure is slightly lower than portal pressure, though this difference is clinically insignificant.
Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient (HVPG)
Saturday, September 25, 2021
Cardiovascular drugs that can cause digoxin toxicity
A number of cardiovascular drugs predispose patients to digoxin toxicity, including verapamil, quinidine, and amiodarone. The dosage of digoxin must be reduced if given concomitantly with these drugs. The presumed mechanism underlying this interaction involves the ability of these drugs to inhibit the P-glycoprotein transporter.
Mnemonic: These drugs cause you to go whack! VAQ - Verapamil, Amiodarone, Quinidine
Other drugs to keep in mind are Diltiazem, Spironolactone, Flecainide.
Mnemonic by Huzefa Bhopalwala
References:
Waldorff S, Hansen PB, Egeblad H, Berning J, Buch J, Kjaergård H, Steiness E. Interactions between digoxin and potassium-sparing diuretics. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1983 Apr;33(4):418-23. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1983.56. PMID: 6831820.
Andrejak M, Hary L, Andrejak MT, Lesbre JP. Diltiazem increases steady state digoxin serum levels in patients with cardiac disease. J Clin Pharmacol. 1987 Dec;27(12):967-70. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1987.tb05598.x. PMID: 3437068.
Lewis GP, Holtzman JL. Interaction of flecainide with digoxin and propranolol. Am J Cardiol. 1984 Feb 27;53(5):52B-57B. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(84)90502-2. PMID: 6695818.
Koren, G., MacLeod, S. CHARACTERISTICS OF DIGOXIN INTERACTION WITH QUINIDINE, VERAPAMIL AND AMIODARONE: IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDIES. Pediatr Res 18, 154 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198404001-00367
Saturday, September 18, 2021
SYNTAX score mnemonic
In the SYNTAX (Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) trial, patients with 3-vessel and left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) treated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) compared with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with first-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) had lower 5-year rates of death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or unplanned revascularization.
Saturday, August 28, 2021
Abdominal aortic aneurysm notes
Tuesday, August 24, 2021
Glimpse into my plan for "Last 18 Days to NEET PG"
Hello believers at other end,
If You have a plan and it is working well for you then no need to read it further.
All the best and Happy studying.
18 days= 14 days(2 weeks) + 4 days( I would never count in last days )
I) 1st week = divide each day in three major slot and 2 minor slots
By the end of 1st week I want to complete major and minor notes 6 minor + 4 major subject + PYQ +MCQ of important topics + review images and volatile stuff.
Seems daunting and impossible !?
Say it to yourself "not daunting for me" Just 7 days and see the progress in the end.
morning hours =
1 hour [ half hour pharma ( General,ANS,CVS,GIT ,RS+HORMONES,NEURO,Antimicrobial) 7 days)
+
other half an hour ( Carb,lipid ,proteins,molecular,vitamins) *5days + last 2days when bio is completed I added PSM formulas for half an hour)
9am-12pm =
PYQ in form of GT on desktop like an exam ( And do it within 1 and half hour superficially) Review wrong ones .( Aim is to go through papers in stipulated time and when you do the same for consecutive 7 days you can analyze a pattern of your mistakes and type of questions being repeated)
12 pm lunch
Afternoon 12:30- 4pm ( further divide into 2 slots )
2 hour fast reading. I complete minor subjects (Ortho,FMT,anesthesia,dermatology,ophthalmology,Ent,psychiatry)
Next 2 hours I divide for major subject (Surgery+med+obsgynae) 2days and 2 hours each. +pedia 1 day only
4-5 I take nap of 15 min and then do volatile stuff
5-6 I go for walk with earphones and revised imp scores criterias oR TEACH A FRIEND ON PHONE
6-8 I practice MCQ as much as possible.(I do mcq of selective topics sometime mixed bags )
8-9 [half an hour micro ( gram positive,gram negative,viro rna,viro dna,mycobacterium+immuno,parasito,lifecycles) +half an hour Patho ( systemwise with images) ]
9-10 long break with dinner + telegram or updating yourself with any new thing or some series (depend on mood)
10-11 Images +graphs+formulas
11- 12 Previous day video at 2X until I fall asleep
By the end of 1 week = (SURG+MED+PEDIA+OBS) +(Ortho,FMT,anesthesia,dermatology,ophthalmology,Ent,psychiatry) +IMAGES +PYQ +WEAK TOPIC MCQ+PHARMA +MICRO+PATHO+BIOCHEM= 15 SUBJECTS with images.
II) 2nd week =Remaining 4 subjects
Morning hours and after 6pm slot is same .
9-12 pm I give mock after 2 days and aim is time management only . Assess wrong only if not much time is left . (I would advise you to give mock rather than GT )
afternoon = 2 hours ( physio,PSM) + 2 hours (Anat) (Radio I followed what Zainab mam has told us to do )
+COVID notes
+Revision revision and revision
III) 4 days(NO GT) = Revise volatile stuff + pyq incorrect ones+images+ mcq (I plan it accordingly whatever I feel right and confident with )
In free time or breaks I take printout of admit card and keep the necessary documents ready 2 day before.
Plan 2 days before what topics you feel can come and you are not confident with and want to go through it once. write it down .It is your gut feeling :D
NOTE- You need not to follow it like what I have said .I respect your journey as much as I respect mine. So do what makes you confident.
In the end, it is just an exam. You will get another chance. Just stay calm.
All the best.