Transmission of toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis is transmitted through:
Cat bite
Droplets
Orofecal route
Cat scratch

This is a tricky question if you haven't revised parasitology. You'll vaguely remember the association with cats, so you'll be tempted to pick one which mentions the word cat.

Remember, toxoplasmosis is transmitted through cat feces, so orofecal route is the correct answer.

That's all!
-IkaN

Treatment of Babesiosis

Short post for the day!

Barbecue city - BBQ City
Babesia, Quinine, Clindamycin

Step 2 CK: GBS prophylaxis mnemonic

Hi!

Drugs used for GBS prophylaxis mnemonic: PACE CV
Penicillin
Ampicillin
Cefazolin
Erythromycin
Clindamycin
Vancomycin

Indications of GBS prophylaxis:
- Previous infant with invasive GBS disease.
- GBS bacteriuria / positive culture during current pregnancy.
- Unknown GBS status with:
- Delivery at < 37 weeks
- Amnionic membrane rupture > 18 hours
- Intrapartum temperature > 100.4 (38.0)

That's all!
-IkaN

Most common sites of bone tumors mnemonic

I made these mnemonics on request by an awesomite, Yashwanth.

Here's the most common sites list he sent, mnemonics follow.

SAAG mnemonic

Hello!

SAAG is serum albumin ascites gradient.

SAAG is >1.1 in portal HTN, CHF, HVT and constrictive pericarditis.

The mnemonic for this is SAAG is High in conditions with an H.

portal Hypertension
congestive Heart failure
Hepatic vein thrombosis
Heart constriction (Constrictive pericarditis)

For completion, SAAG < 1.1 is seen in nephrotic syndrome, cancer and infections (except SBP)

That's all!
Have an amazing day!
-IkaN

Lofgrens syndrome mnemonic

What is Lofgrens syndrome?

The triad of Arthritis, Erythema Nodosum & Hilar adenopathy seen in sarcoidosis.

Why smoking is protective for endometrial cancer?

Smoking is a risk factor for quite a number of cancers. But it can be protective for certain diseases as well..like ulcerative colitis.

It is also protective for endometrial carcinoma and how?
1. It reduces estrogen level
2. Decreases weight
3. Associated with early menopause.

Remember that endometrial cancer is due to excess estrogen..and even being obese or having diabetes mellitus is a well known risk factor

Irrespective smoking is bad for health. Each cigarette reduces your life span by 11 minutes or so they say.

Live happy stay healthy

-sakkan

Types of abortion mnemonic

Hello!

I'll start off the post with a mnemonic and then go on explaining what these terms mean...

Prostaglandins mnemonic for obstetrics

Hey!
Thought this will help.

Dinosaurs are Extinct. Ex-two-inct.
Dinoprostone is PGE2.

Carboprost. Carbofrost.
Carboprost is PGF2 alpha.

MIsoprostol - M flipped is E and I looks like 1.
Misoprostol is PGE1.

That's all!
-IkaN

Step 2 CK: Overflow incontinence mnemonic

Greeting everyone!

In this post, I'll be sharing a mnemonic on overflow incontinence!

McCune Albright syndrome mnemonic

Hello everyone!

McCune–Albright syndrome is suspected when two of the three following features are present:

Endocrine hyperfunction such as precocious puberty
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Unilateral Café-au-lait spots

Here's a mnemonic :)

Precocious puberty mnemonics

Hi! :)

Precocious puberty in females is secondary sexual characteristics, accelerated growth in females greater than 8 years of age.

Normal pubertal landmarks mnemonic:

Biophysical profile mnemonic and step 2 CK notes

Hello!

Here's a mnemonic for biophysical profile: BAT HAM
Breathing
Amniotic fluid volume
Tone
Heart rate Acceleration
Movements

Here's an overview of interpretations from the BPP score.

BPP 10/10
BPP 8/10 (Normal AFV)
No fetal indication for intervention.
Repeat weekly.

BPP 6/10 (Normal AFV)
Equivocal. Repeat test within 24 hours.

BPP 4/10 (Normal AFV)
Fetal lungs mature (>37 weeks), deliver.
Fetal lungs immature, betamethasone, repeat test within 24 hours.

General rule: If oligohydramnios, consider delivery.

BPP 8/10 (Decreased AFV)
BPP 6/10 (Decreased AFV)
Assess clinical scenario, consider delivery depending on gestational age, risk of fetal, maternal death, etc.

BPP 4/10 (Decreased AFV)
If >32 weeks, deliver.
If <32 weeks, observe.

BPP 2/10
BPP 0/10
Deliver regardless of gestational age.

That's all!
I wrote this down from a number of resources, including uptodate
-IkaN