In English, Urgency and Emergency almost means the same. But when it comes to Medical literature, it has a little difference.
So what are the differences of Urgent and Emergent Tracheostomy?
Wednesday, December 28, 2016
Night terrors vs Nightmares
Hey awesomites!
People who have night terrors are often misdiagnosed, nightmares being the most common. Post traumatic stress disorder is another common misdiagnosis (in adults).
Recent research suggests that getting an extra sleep for 30- 40 minutes a night reduces both nightmares and night terrors to a great extent.
Scheduled awakening therapy-
Another treatment strategy (for night terror) is "Scheduled awakening therapy". It involves waking the person from sleep 15- 30 minutes before the episodes typically occur so that the cycle is interrupted and prevent the onset of the night terror. But the child is not to be fully awaken in the middle of the night.
Thats where the idea of sleep guardian came from. The sleep guardian plans smartly and finds a right time to partially wake up the child and vibrate each night (for less than 3 minutes). This prevents the episode of night terrors and sleep is not actually totally disturbed.
This method of prevention of night terrors has shown 90% positive results within first week with 80% fewer night terrors after four weeks of use.
Thats all
- Jaskunwar Singh
People who have night terrors are often misdiagnosed, nightmares being the most common. Post traumatic stress disorder is another common misdiagnosis (in adults).
Here's the difference between night tremors and nightmares both of these are classified under a group of disorders, the Parasomnias!
Recent research suggests that getting an extra sleep for 30- 40 minutes a night reduces both nightmares and night terrors to a great extent.
Scheduled awakening therapy-
Another treatment strategy (for night terror) is "Scheduled awakening therapy". It involves waking the person from sleep 15- 30 minutes before the episodes typically occur so that the cycle is interrupted and prevent the onset of the night terror. But the child is not to be fully awaken in the middle of the night.
Thats where the idea of sleep guardian came from. The sleep guardian plans smartly and finds a right time to partially wake up the child and vibrate each night (for less than 3 minutes). This prevents the episode of night terrors and sleep is not actually totally disturbed.
This method of prevention of night terrors has shown 90% positive results within first week with 80% fewer night terrors after four weeks of use.
Thats all
- Jaskunwar Singh
Adamantinoma
Hello awesome people !
Today's topic is - ADAMANTINOMA ! (and no it's not what would only happen to Wolverine! Haha see what I did there ?! )
1)Also known as Ameloblastoma (Ameloblasts are enamel forming cells), Eve's disease (looks like ADAM & EVE had a tiff over who'd name it, and clearly it was a draw! :p)
2) Its a benign tumor, but behaves like a malignant one, it metastasizes to lungs. (so wanna be)
3) Sites : #Mandible (most common site) (anyone else going weak in the knees seeing Hugh Jackman's jawline?, cool now you'll remember it better!)
Talking of knees, #Tibia is the 2nd most common site !
#Pituitary because the stalk of pituitary and enamel arise from oral epithelium
3) Slow growing tumor, with multiple cystic spaces...patients often complain of falling teeth or fracture mandible :(
4) X ray shows a "Honeycomb" appearence
5) Treatment? Well since this tumor is very "Adamant" simple curettage will cause recurrence, hence we do a wide excision (1cm margin)...Sometimes a Hemimandibulectomy may have to be done! (Sounds like what Wolverine would do to his enemies!)
All the Wolverine fans put your hands up and read this again !! :p
That's about it !!
-PP
Ulnar nerve
Ulnar nerve
Nerve root :C7-T1.
Key points :
On the back of medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar nerve can be palatable it produces tingling sensations Hence humerus is called as "Funny bone".
Ulnar nerve is not a content of Cubital fossa .
Remember:Ulnar nerve supplies total 15 muscles in hand!
3 hypothenar eminence ,medial 2 lumbricals ,4 dorsal and 4 Palmer interossei and ADDuctor pollicis
Palmaris brevis
Forearm(Read carefully don't get confused)
Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus(Thinking about lateral half ??!!! Well ,it is supplied by Median nerve )
Flexor carpi ulnaris (Thinking about extensor carpi ulnaris ?! Read carefully ,Supplied by radial nerve)
Clinical anatomy:
1)Musician nerve
2)Ulnar nerve lesion at the wrist :Ulnar claw hand which shows
a)Hyperextension at metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion at the interphalangeal joints ,involving ring and little fingers (Little finger is held in extension by extensor muscles )
b)Sensory loss is confined to the medial one third of the palm and medial one and a half fingers including nail bed .Medial half of dorsum of hands also shows Sensor loss
c)Vasomotor changes :Skin is warmer due to arteriolar dilation ,it is also drier due to absence of sweating because of loss of sympathetic supply.
d)Trophic changes:Long standing cases of paralysis lead to dry and scaly skin .The nails crack easily
It should be noted that median nerve lesions are more disabling.In contrast ,Ulnar nerve lesions leave a relatively efficient hand
Nerve root :C7-T1.
Key points :
On the back of medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar nerve can be palatable it produces tingling sensations Hence humerus is called as "Funny bone".
Ulnar nerve is not a content of Cubital fossa .
Remember:Ulnar nerve supplies total 15 muscles in hand!
3 hypothenar eminence ,medial 2 lumbricals ,4 dorsal and 4 Palmer interossei and ADDuctor pollicis
Palmaris brevis
Forearm(Read carefully don't get confused)
Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus(Thinking about lateral half ??!!! Well ,it is supplied by Median nerve )
Flexor carpi ulnaris (Thinking about extensor carpi ulnaris ?! Read carefully ,Supplied by radial nerve)
Clinical anatomy:
1)Musician nerve
2)Ulnar nerve lesion at the wrist :Ulnar claw hand which shows
a)Hyperextension at metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion at the interphalangeal joints ,involving ring and little fingers (Little finger is held in extension by extensor muscles )
b)Sensory loss is confined to the medial one third of the palm and medial one and a half fingers including nail bed .Medial half of dorsum of hands also shows Sensor loss
c)Vasomotor changes :Skin is warmer due to arteriolar dilation ,it is also drier due to absence of sweating because of loss of sympathetic supply.
d)Trophic changes:Long standing cases of paralysis lead to dry and scaly skin .The nails crack easily
It should be noted that median nerve lesions are more disabling.In contrast ,Ulnar nerve lesions leave a relatively efficient hand
ENT instruments contents page
Hey, so because the contents page has expanded so much, I thought of making sub sections within the contents page for a few topics.
Here's the mini contents page for ENT instruments, this post is linked to the main contents page :)
Here's the mini contents page for ENT instruments, this post is linked to the main contents page :)
Tuesday, December 27, 2016
Chronic complications of pulmonary tuberculosis mnemonic
Chronic complications of pulmonary tuberculosis
Pulmonary complications- HE CAL BOB
H- Haemoptysis
E- Emphysema
C- Cor pulmonale
A- Aspergilloma/ Atypical MTB
L- Lung calcification
B- Bronchiectasis
O- Obstructive pulmonary disease
B- Bronchopleural fistula
Extra- pulmonary complications- PALE
P- Poncet's polyarthritis
A- Anorectal fistula/ Amyloidosis
L- Laryngitis
E- Empyema necessitans/ Enteritis
Thats all
- Jaskunwar Singh
Pulmonary complications- HE CAL BOB
H- Haemoptysis
E- Emphysema
C- Cor pulmonale
A- Aspergilloma/ Atypical MTB
L- Lung calcification
B- Bronchiectasis
O- Obstructive pulmonary disease
B- Bronchopleural fistula
Extra- pulmonary complications- PALE
P- Poncet's polyarthritis
A- Anorectal fistula/ Amyloidosis
L- Laryngitis
E- Empyema necessitans/ Enteritis
Thats all
- Jaskunwar Singh
Monday, December 26, 2016
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus notes
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
This viral infection is associated with a previous childhood exposure to varicella zoster (chickenpox) which remains hidden within and becomes active later in life when immune functions of the body weaken.
This viral infection is associated with a previous childhood exposure to varicella zoster (chickenpox) which remains hidden within and becomes active later in life when immune functions of the body weaken.
GUYS, did you check First Aid 2017? We are Super Proud of you IkaN!!!
Beloved Awesomites, I have a super-awesome announcement to make today
regarding our Founder IkaN aka Nakeya Khozema Dewaswala.
She is the Image and Illustration editor in the recently
released world famous medical book, First Aid 2017!!!
We are super proud of you sis, especially you being the only
representative from South Asia in the book for this edition! We always knew you
are an amazing medical student, but you proved you are totally exceptional with
this feat.
This is another step toward your success sis. You are an
inspiration to thousands and thousands of medical students around the world,
and a living proof that if you want something, and if you struggle for it, you will certainly get it!
Me, myself am so lucky to have known you personally and be
called as your bro, and I know, more than you have an AWESOME brain, you
have an AWESOME heart! (Isn’t this why we love her a lot, Awesomites?)
Keep inspiring us sis! We at the Author Panel of
Medicowesome, and the whole thousands of Medicowesome members, would like to
congratulate you, and wish you all the very best in your all future endeavors!
Yours,
Jay :)
On behalf of the Author Panel of Medicowesome
P.S. - Special thanks to Krupal Patel in Medicowesome Whatsapp group who brought picture to our attention! :)
P.S. - Special thanks to Krupal Patel in Medicowesome Whatsapp group who brought picture to our attention! :)
Restless leg syndrome notes
RLS symptoms:
Urge to move legs
Symptoms begin with rest
Relief on movement
Associated with:
Anemia
Pregnancy
Renal failure
Peripheral neuropathy
Pathogenesis:
Disordered dopamine function in association with abnormal iron metabolism
Treatment:
Sleep hygiene
Pramipexole, ropinirole
Iron for IDA
That's all!
-IkaN
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