Hello!
Bartters, Gitelmans and Liddles syndrome present with chloride resistant (high urinary chloride) hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis.
What differentiates them:
Bartters: Hypercalciuric (Furosemide like! Loops lose calcium, remember?)
Gitelman: Hypocalciuric (Thiazides don't!) and Hypomagnesemia. Presents with cramping and spasms.
Liddles: Presents with hypertension, metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia (Aldosterone excess like!)
Here's a mnemonic for it!
"FaceBook GoT ALL HYPER about a Little syndrome"
FB -
Bartter's is like
Furosemide
Go
T -
Gitelman
Thiazide
All
hyper little -
Liddles is like
HyperALdosteronemia
These syndromes are rare, so it’s important to rule out more common causes (Like diuretics)
That's all!
Here's an aphorism by Sir William Osler: “Care more for the individual patient than for the special features of his disease.” :)
-IkaN