Beta HCG notes

Where is beta HCG produced? 

Syncytiotrophoblast.

Step 2 CK: Goodpastures syndrome notes

Hello!
Here's a short post on Goodpastures syndrome!

Cocaine in the brain - "The Addiction"

Hey Awesomites!

Here I will be talking about a social problem amongst the youngsters - “Addiction to cocaine”. 

Menstrual cycle and related problems

Here are some common menstural complaints that I studied today during my posting that I would like to share with you. There are many more though. Comment if you think I have missed out on something!

Contrast induced nephropathy notes

Features of contrast induced nephropathy

- Due to iodinated contrast agents (Other agents that cause AKI: Gadolinium for MRI, sodium phosphate solutions as purgatives)
- Prevented by use of non ionic contrast agents, IV hydration, acetyl cysteine.
- Serum Creatinine rises 24-48 hours after exposure. Resolves in a week.
- FeNa low, benign urinary sediment.
- Risk increases in CKD, Diabetic nephropathy, multiple myeloma.

Brachial plexus mnemonic

This was probably the most important answer you must have encountered during your 1st year.

Here are tricks to remember Brachial Plexus!

Analgesic nephropathy notes

Analgesic nephropathy

Characterized by:
Renal insufficiency
Papillary necrosis

Due to:
Toxic drug levels in inner medulla
Causes chronic tubulointerstitial damage
Results from papillary ischemia due to vasoconstriction of medullary blood vessels (vasa recta)

Caused by:
Phenacetin containing preparations
Aspirin
Caffeine

Symptoms:
Polyuria (Due to impaired concentrating ability)
NAGMA (Due to tubular damage)
Hematuria (Due to sloughed necrotic papilla)
Sterile pyuria and WBC casts may also be seen
Ureteric colic, obstruction (Due to sloughed necrotic papilla)

At increased risk of:
Premature aging
Atherosclerotic vascular disease
Urinary tract cancer

That's all!
-IkaN

Radial nerve mnemonic

I am gonna put radial nerve in the simplest form mostly including mnemonics how to learn it's huge muscles supply!

Remember when you were in 1st year and how these nerves used to test your patience?! Let's make it easy.

-Nerve root: C5-T1

-Sensory nerve supply:
Skin of dorsal surface of forearm
Lateral side of the dorsal part of palm
Lateral 3 & 1/2 digits

-Motor nerve supply:
(It supplies extensor compartment)
Here is mnemonic
S: Supinator.
I: Extensor indices.
D: Extensor Digitorum.
B: Brachioradialis.
A: Anconeus.
T: Triceps.
C: Extensor carpi radialis longus.
C: Extensor carpi radialis brevis .
A: Anconeus.
P: Extensor pollicis brevis.
P: Extensor pollicis Longus.
CU: Extensor carpi ulnaries.
ED: Extensor digiti minimi.

So mnemonic is
SID (C)CAP(P) (Read it as cap!) BAT Cu-ed.

Remember:
Cu = Extensor carpi ulnaris (Supplied by radial nerve not ulnar nerve as it is extensor muscle)

~ Ojas

Treatment of TTP mnemonic

Safia made a mnemonic of TTP and sent it to Medicowesome, hoping it would help someone. So sweet!

Treatment of TTP: CART
C: corticosteroids
A: asprin
R: rituximab
T: transfusion

In emergency situations, transfuse blood first!

Thanks Safia.

-IkaN

Cranial nerves type mnemonics

Here is one of the mnemonics which I made to remember types of cranial nerves
1)Olfactory  -Sensory
2)Optic.  -Sensory
3)Occulomotor-Motor
4)Pathetic(Trochlear)-Motor
5) Trigeminal-Mixed
6)Abducens-Motor
7)Facial-Mixed
8) Auditory-Sensory
9) Glossopharyngeal-Mixed
10)Vagus-Mixed
11)Spinal accessory-Motor
12) Hypoglossal-motor

"Some say marry money but my brother says beautiful bride matters more!"

S-Sensory ;M-Motor ;B-Both (Mixed)

~Ojas

Contraindications of thrombolytic therapy

BISHOPS

B = Bleeding disorder .
I = Intracranial Hemorrhage.
S = Stroke past 3 months .
H = Head injury past 3 months .
O =Oesophageal varices.
P = Pregnancy.
S =Surgery.

Made by: Khushboo shaikh
Written by: Ojas gite

Step 2 CK: Mortality benefit in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Another USMLE Step 2 CK important topic :D

Things that have a mortality benefit in CHF mnemonic: "ABCDES"
A: ACEI and ARBS
B: Beta blockers
CD: implantable Cardiac Defibirillator
E: Epelerenone
S: Spironolactone

Reading material from UpToDate! =)

T wave Inversion Mnemonic

In this post, I'll be sharing a mnemonic to remember the causes of T wave inversion.

Cleft lip and palate

Hi friends,

Here's a quick way to remember the cause of Cleft lip and Cleft palate.

LMN
Cleft Lip - failure of fusion of Maxillary and median Nasal prominences!

PPP
Cleft Palate - failure of fusion of two Palatine Processes!

That's all!

-Rippie

Alport syndrome notes

Alport syndrome notes

If we were parts of the ECG, you'd be the QT segment, cutie!

I know it isn't Valentine's day, but hey, do we need a day to be all lovey dovey and flirty? xD

Hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia - ECG

Hey!

Hypocalcaemia causes QTc prolongation primarily by prolonging the ST segment.

In hypercalcemia, the ST segment is short.

And since I am a mnemonic queen:

Prinzmetal's angina notes

Hello!

Here are my notes on Prinzmetal's angina:

1. Ischemic pain at rest.
2. Diagnosed by transient ST elevation.
3. Nitrates and calcium channel blockers are used for treatment.

About me

Hello guys!!! =D
I am Vinayak, the newest author here.

I would start this mini-autobiography by expressing my gratitude to the coordination of all those zillion coincidences which ended up as me writing for this blog. :)

I have written a few articles for this awesome blog till now but this one took me the most time and brains. It is always challenging to write or say about oneself, it's like being honest without being truthful.

I belong to a very small town in Odisha situated alongside its border with Jharkhand; and like all towns situated at the border, it's pretty backward. I currently live in Mumbai, I first visited this city when I was seven years old to visit my grandfather who was admitted in JJ Hospital, at that time I never would have thought that it would be the same hospital I would become a doctor in many years later. From that moment, it was my dream to live in this city one day, and now everyday I wake up I am happy because I am living my dream! :)

"I believe that imagination is stronger than knowledge, that dreams are more powerful than facts, that hope always tiumphs over experience, that laughter is the only cure for grief and that love is stronger than death." This is my favorite quote. I also believe that "mistakes" should not be frowned upon and berated, that your evolution as a person, as a student, as a family member, as a professional is the result of a "trillion mistakes". One should be so confident about his failures that he is able to fail at the time and place of his own choosing.

As you can gather from the above article, I aspire to be a philosophical writer one day. :D

That'll be all for now! I hope one day I can come back to this article and add another paragraph about living the dream I have right now. :) Thanks IkaN for giving me this oppurtunity!

-VM

Cephalosporins : A mnemonic to get you out of the Cepho-pocalypse

Hello Everyone !
I have with me today a somewhat easy way to remember the Cephalosporins. To rescue you of the Cepha-pocalypse, if you will. Rid you of your Cepha-problems with some Cepha-lutions. (Had to say that. Sorry for the Cephalameness ;;) .)

So the 1st Generation are 3 drugs .
Remember : ZoLeDrox:
So add cef everywhere now
CefaZoline
CephaLexine
CephaDroxil

Now the 2nd Generation.
Remember : ChloroFuro carbons
So CefaChlor And Cefuroxime
(2nd is the least imp generation. So to hell with it. )

The 3rd Generation  is the most important.
So first the Parenteral  ones.
Remember:
Cef (Pronounce Saif like Saif Ali Khan)  Opera (like Oprah Winfrey)
Taxi me
Cefti(Like Safety) ke liye
Axe and
Cefta ke liye not even a
Dime (like the money dime)

So add Cef to Opera and Taxi-me to get Cefoperazone And Cefotaxime.
And further add Cefti / Cefta to the next two respectively to get :
Ceftriaxone
And Ceftazidime
So that gives you 4 Parenteral drugs.  Cefoperazone Cefotaxime Ceftriaxone Ceftazidime.

Now Oral ones.
(Whenever I think of 'Oral' - Denaerys Targaryean comes to my mind. God knows the reason for this Ceph-oral Problems ;;) )

Remember : Denaerys Xi (pronounce Chi) Beauty
Add Cef related prefixes to each of the 3 words to get your drugs.
Cefdinir  Cefixime And Ceftibuten.

And That, friends, is the story of the Cephalosporins. Now there's 4th and 5th generations too. But doing them all together can lead to a Cepha-tastrophe. ;;) That's all this time. Hope you found this helpful. Let me know what other topics you'll would like to learn in an easier way.
Bye :)

~A.P.Burkholderia

Membranous glomerulonephritis notes

Hey!
This post is on membranous glomerulonephritis :D