Antitubercular drugs mnemonic

Happy Saturday people!

Memorizing AKT is very important for MBBS, since tuberculosis has a high prevalence in developing countries and in patients with AIDS.

Here's how I remember them!

RIPE for the drug names.

For doses:
INH has 3 alphabets, so 300mg OD.

RiFampin has a F. F for four, F for five. 450mg OD.

Ethambutol starts with E. E for Eight. 800mg OD.

Pyrazinamide has the biggest name, so 1500mg OD or 750mg BD.

That's all! :)
Become the best you possibly can!
-IkaN

Related post:

Treatment of MDR tuberculosis mnemonic http://medicowesome.blogspot.in/2014/10/treatment-of-mdr-tuberculosis-mnemonic.html

Tests for ovulation mnemonic

Some random memory aids I made while studying infertility.

Fern test mnemonic:
Remember FErN.
Fern test
Estrogen
NaCl
Ferning appears due to presence of sodium chloride in the mucus secreted under Estrogen effect.

Spin on: Spinnbarkeit phenomenon is seen in Ovulatory mucus.

Secretack: Secretory mucus fractures under tension; this property is known as tack.

Basal body temperature mnemonic:

I remember progesterone is pyrogenic because they both start with P.

This helps me remember the drop in body temperature during ovulation, the rise in temperature during the Secretory phase. 

It also helps me know that during menstruation the progesterone levels and body temperature drop and if the temperature does not fall, it may be suggestive of conception.

That's all!
-IkaN 

Tumors of colon and various polyposis syndrome mnemonic

Peutz Jegher's Syndrome mnemonic:
Remember the initial letters of the disease - PJS.
P: Pigmented oral mucosa
J: Jejunal polyps
S: STK 11 defect

Intermittent claudication notes

A mixie of points from various books. Hope it helps!

Semen report notes + mnemonic

In physical examination of semen you must look whether the sperm "QVALiPhiFied" (Qualified)
Quantity: 3-5 ml
Viscosity: < 3
Appearance: Greyish white color
Liquefication time: 30 minutes
pH: >7.2
Fragrance | Odour: Characteristic seminal odour

That's all!
-IkaN

Type 1 neurofibromatosis mnemonic

Hello people!
I just finished illustrating this amazing mnemonic on neurofibromatosis I got online. Thought I'd share it with ya'll!

Darrow Yannet diagram: Doubt

Hi dentstudent!
I am on vacation and I can not add your question to the original post nor do I have Photoshop for the same.
So here's a temporary post for your doubt. Well update the original post once I get back home!

Breech delivery diagrams

Hi everyone!
These are some diagrams I made while reading about breech delivery. Hope it helps!

How to remember that the gene product of RAS is GTPase

Hi everyone!

Ras is a G protein, or a guanosine-nucleotide-binding protein. 

In the inactive state it is bound to the nucleotide guanosine diphosphate (GDP), while in the active state, Ras is bound to guanosine triphosphate (GTP).

Clostridium perfringes toxins mnemonic

Clostridium perfringes produces an alpha toxin.
A for alpha
L for lecithin
P for phosphocholine
H for hemolytic

DeLancey supports of genital tract mnemonic

Mnemonic time! 

"You (U) sorta care for one"
Level 1: Uterosacral and cardinal ligaments

"Park two arcs"
Level 2: Pelvic fascia and paracolpos connects the vagina to the lateral pelvic wall through the arcus tendineus

"ThriLL"
Level three: Levator ani muscle supports lower one third of the vagina. 

Random tip time! 

When you write about the supports, make sure you mention the mechanical support (the axis), the muscular supports, the fibromuscular support and the peritoneal support as well. Extra points for those! 

Diagram time!

Thyroid eye signs mnemonic

I talk about em in this video!

Types of perforators of the lower limb mnemonic

Perforating veins connect the superficial to the deep veins at a number of places in the leg.

Perforating veins were initially classified according to their level: lower third of the leg for low Cockett's perforators, middle third for medial gastrocnemius perforating veins and high Cockett's perforators, and finally, the upper third of the leg for Boyd's perforators.

In this video, I share a mnemonic on how to remember the names of these perforators.

Treatment of Varicose veins mnemonic

Hey everyone!

Another one of my "Final year MBBS notes - remember & write everything I can in the theory paper" kind of post :D

We are learning how to remember various modalities of treatment of Varicose veins.

Management of nephrotic syndrome (Mnemonic + notes for MBBS exam)

Happy Study Saturday people ^__^

Nephrotic syndrome is an important question asked frequently in the MBBS exam!
Here are some of my notes on nephrotic syndrome, in case you wanna refer and add some extra points to yours :)
Also included some memory aids and mnemonics that I use.
Lemme know if it helps!

Surgery mnemonics

I'm planning to make this section of things from surgery that are so very hard to remember. Mostly, names of surgeries and stuff.

Surgical treatment of Achalasia cardia mnemonic

acHALasia has a HAL & it reminds me of HELler's operation. 

Heller's operation is esophagocardiomyotomy. 

Similar to Heller's operation is Ramstedt's operation for pyloric stenosis. Ramstedt's operation is pyloromyotomy.

Gastroschisis vs Omphalocele mnemonic

Gastroschisis and Omphalocele 

What does flush ligation mean?

I heard this word for the first time while I was reading Trendelenburg operation for varicose veins.

If you don't know about the Trendelenburg operation, in very short, during this surgery; all the tributaries of long saphenous vein at the saphenofemoral junction are ligated and divided. Then the long saphenous vein is "flush ligated" with the femoral vein and then the upper 10 cm of the long saphenous vein is excised.

Cephalosporins mnemonic

I don't usually recommend mnemonics for remembering drug names because over time you get so used to them that you don't exactly need a mnemonic for it.

But if it's your first year in pharmacology, it's a lot to take in. I did make some memory aids for studying generations of cephalosporins but after a while, I promise you won't need them.

Difference between partial and complete hydatidiform mole mnemonic

Hi everyone! Since you can completely confuse incomplete mole and complete mole, here's a memory aid for you! The trick is to remember one & the other one, is the other one. We'll remember complete mole.

A complete mole is completely paternal.
Complete mole has completely lost maternal chromosomes.
Complete mole can become completely malignant - can be Choriocarcinoma.
Complete mole is completely a tumor with no fetus on gross examination.
Complete mole often has a uterine size large for dates.
Complete mole has a markedly elevated hCG.
Complete mole is associated with theca letein Cysts.
Complete mole is associated with preeclampsia (hypertension) and hyperthyroidism.

Normal labor: Mechanism on dummy pelvis and mnemonics

Hi everyone!
In this video I talk about normal labor and describe the events in detail.
Hope it helps :)



Here are some memory aids -

Malnutrition: Waterlow Gomez classification menmonic

Hi everyone =)

We are going to learn how to remember various classification's of malnutrition in a silly way.. So let's get started!

First, Waterlow classification. Here it goes -

Waterlow classification menmonic

Quad screen results, triple marker and trisomies mnemonic

If you suck at remembering the results of this test for various disorders, you are in the right place.

Quad screen interpretation with mnemonic

My low osmolarity ORS notes for MBBS exam and constituents of ORS mnemonic

{Learning is one thing and deciding what will you write in a written test is another. This is what I have decided to write in my MBBS exam if a short answer question SAQ or a long answer question LAQ on low osmolarity ORS is asked! I might actually do a notes label if time permits for most of important questions. But for now, here goes the first one.

Let's get started!}

Defintion: Oral rehydration therapy is an inexpensive glucose and electrolyte solution as promoted by the World Health Organization that has reduced the number of deaths from dehydration due to diarrhea substantially.

Pathophysiology: Oral rehydration takes advantage of glucose-coupled sodium transport, a process for sodium absorption which remains relatively intact in infective diarrheas due to viruses or to enteropathogenic bacteria, whether invasive or enterotoxigenic. Glucose enhances sodium, and secondarily, water transport across the mucosa of the upper intestine.

Why is Lasix NOT prescribed at night?

This was asked by my professor in a clinic today.

The answer is simple.. Why would you prescribe Furosemide in the morning or afternoon but not at night? Think! Think! Think!

Evaluating axis from ECG (Mnemonic)

Hi everyone! We are going to learn how to determine the axis from an electrocardiogram =D

First of all, do you know which two leads should be looked at to determine whether axis is in the normal quadrant or if it is Left Axis Deviation (LAD) or Right Axis Deviation (RAD)?

Look at lead I and lead II. Sounds simple! ^__^

An upright (positive) QRS in leads I and II is normal (–30 degrees to +105 degrees).
In left-axis deviation, there is an upright QRS in lead I and a downward (negative) QRS in lead II (< –30 degrees).
In right-axis deviation, there is a downward QRS in lead I and an upright QRS in lead II (> +105 degrees).

How do I remember this? @_@

Thumbs up method: Lead I = Left thumb, Lead II = Right thumb.

Wait, why lead I is left thumb and lead II is the right thumb?
Because left is a smaller word and it gets the smaller number, that is, one!
Right has more alphabets and it gets the bigger number, that is, two.

Left thumb up (I) + Right thumb up (II) = Normal.
Left thumb up (I) + Right thumb down (II) = LAD.
Left thumb down (I) + Right thumb up (II) = RAD.

Mnemonic method:
Left leaves, right returns.

That's all!
Have a splendid week everyone < 3
-IkaN

Why are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents avoided in myoardial infarction?

Good question!

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, with the exception of aspirin, are avoided in the setting of myocaridal infarction.

Minimum number of antenatal visits recommended by WHO mnemonic

WHO recommends at least 4 visits:

1st visit around 16 weeks
2nd visit between 24-28 weeks
3rd visit at 32 weeks
4th visit at 36 weeks

Why do we feel temperature with the back of our hand and why not the front?

The answer to this question goes back to Anatomy.

The front of our hand is innervated by the Median and Ulnar nerves which come from the lateral and medial cords of the brachial plexus.
However, the back of the hand is innervated mostly by the Radial nerve which comes from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. The posterior cord carries the maximum number of nerve roots, that is, C5, C6, C7, C8 & T1.

The radial nerve provides cutaneous sensory innervation to most of the back of the hand so I guess it's better to check temperature with a nerve with maximum representative nerve roots. I assume if one or two roots are not working properly, say C8 & T1, the other roots from the same nerve will compensate for it.

Postpartum hemorrhage causes mnemonic

Remember the 4 T's for causes -
Tone [Atony]
Trauma [Episiotomy wound, laceration]
Tissue [Retained placenta, blood clots]
Thrombin [Blood coagulation disorders, acquired or congenital]

That's all!
-IkaN